(click to enlarge the image)These maps show double the risk and mortality of some cancers without adequate sunlight or vitamin D throughout the year.
To reduce this risk, you can take a vitamin D supplement if you don't get sun in the summer and certainly take some Vitamin D in the winter.
That is a 1000iu softgel of Vitamin D (D3) in the summer and more in the winter.
The accurate way of knowing your D level is a blood test called a calcidiol 25(OH) D test which measures a form of vitamin D in your blood. You want at least 30ng/mL or 75nmol/L anything less and you have a deficit. Optimal levels are 45-55nm/mL or over 100nmol/L.